Skip to content
Vet RanchVet Ranch
  • Home
  • Pet Animals
    • Dog
      • Dog Crate
      • Dog House
      • Dog Nail
      • Dog Shampoo
      • Dog Bed
      • Dog Harness
      • Dog Door
      • Dog Muzzles
      • Dog Car Seat
      • Dog Feeder
      • Dog Harness
      • Dog Kennel
      • Dog Pen
    • Cat
      • Cat Carrier
      • Cat Clipper
      • Cat Couch
      • Cat exercise wheel
      • Cat Litter
      • Cat Litter Box
      • Cat scratching post
      • Cat stroller
      • Cat Tracker
      • Cat Tree
      • Cat Vacuum
    • Bird
      • Bird Camera Feeder
      • Bird Stand
      • Bird Bath
      • Bird Cage
      • Bird Crate
      • Bird Feeder
      • Bird Seed
    • Rabbit
      • Rabbit Cage
      • Rabbit Hutch
    • Fish
      • Fish Tank
      • Fish Aquarium
    • Pet Stroller
  • Knowledge
    • Best Product
    • Review
    • Blog
  • About Us
  • Contact Us
  • Write for Us
Vet RanchVet Ranch
  • Home » 
  • Nexgard » 
  • Probiotics For Dogs With Acid Reflux

Probiotics For Dogs With Acid Reflux

Arthur Crowley December 15, 2023

As animal owners, all of us desire our fuzzy buddies to stay healthy and delighted. One vital element of our dog’s wellness is their digestive system. A healthy and balanced gut is vital for their overall wellness. Have you ever taken into consideration making use of a probiotic supplement for your canine? Among the most preferred probiotic supplements for dogs is Fortiflora by Purina. In this blog post, we will talk about everything you need to understand about Fortiflora for pets.

Contents
  1. Probiotics For Dogs With Acid Reflux – Total Review And Purchasing Guide
    1. Pet Naturals Daily Probiotic for Dogs, 120M CFUs - Pre and Probiotics for Dogs Digestive Health, Gut Health, Immune Support, Diarrhea, Allergies and Itching - 60 Chews, Duck Flavor
      1. Features
    2. Nutramax Proviable Probiotics for Dogs, Daily Digestive Health Supplement with Multiple Strains of Bacteria, Dog Probiotics Plus Prebiotics, 60 Chewable Tablets
      1. Features
    3. Zesty Paws Probiotics for Dogs - Digestive Enzymes for Gut Flora, Digestive Health, Diarrhea & Bowel Support - Clinically Studied DE111 - Dog Supplement Soft Chew for Pet Immune System - Pumpkin
      1. Features
    4. NATURE TARGET Probiotics for Dogs, 6 Billion CFUs Dog Probiotics for Digestive Health with Prebiotic and Digestive Enzymes, Rich in Omega 3 and Vitamins for Skin & Coat, Salmon-Flavored - 120 Counts
      1. Features
    5. BARK&SPARK Dog Probiotics for Digestive Health w/Enzymes - Diarrhea Gas Treatment Upset Stomach Relief - Allergy & Itchy Skin - Pet Probiotics for Dogs - Digestion Supplement Treat (120Ct Chicken)
      1. Features
    6. NATURE TARGET Probiotics for Dogs, 6 Billion Freeze Dried Dog Probiotics with Prebiotics & Enzymes, Vitamins, Omega 3, for Digestive & Gut Health, Itch Relief, Reduce Diarrhea, 120 Bites
      1. Features
    7. Doggie Dailies Probiotics for Dogs - Advanced Dog Probiotics with Prebiotics - Promotes Digestive Health - Supports Immune System and Overall Health (Pumpkin) 225 Soft Chews
      1. Features
  2. What to Know about Probiotics For Dogs With Acid Reflux

Probiotics For Dogs With Acid Reflux – Total Review And Purchasing Guide

Check out our top products that you can purchase:

1
Pet Naturals Daily Probiotic for Dogs, 120M CFUs - Pre and Probiotics for Dogs Digestive Health, Gut Health, Immune Support, Diarrhea, Allergies and Itching - 60 Chews, Duck Flavor
Pet Naturals Daily Probiotic for Dogs, 120M CFUs - Pre and Probiotics for Dogs Digestive Health,...
BUY NOW Amazon.com
10
BUY NOW
Amazon.com
2
Nutramax Proviable Probiotics for Dogs, Daily Digestive Health Supplement with Multiple Strains of Bacteria, Dog Probiotics Plus Prebiotics, 60 Chewable Tablets
Recommended
Nutramax Proviable Probiotics for Dogs, Daily Digestive Health Supplement with Multiple Strains...
BUY NOW Amazon.com
9.6
BUY NOW
Amazon.com
3
Zesty Paws Probiotics for Dogs - Digestive Enzymes for Gut Flora, Digestive Health, Diarrhea & Bowel Support - Clinically Studied DE111 - Dog Supplement Soft Chew for Pet Immune System - Pumpkin
Zesty Paws Probiotics for Dogs - Digestive Enzymes for Gut Flora, Digestive Health, Diarrhea &...
BUY NOW Amazon.com
9.4
BUY NOW
Amazon.com
4
NATURE TARGET Probiotics for Dogs, 6 Billion CFUs Dog Probiotics for Digestive Health with Prebiotic and Digestive Enzymes, Rich in Omega 3 and Vitamins for Skin & Coat, Salmon-Flavored - 120 Counts
NATURE TARGET Probiotics for Dogs, 6 Billion CFUs Dog Probiotics for Digestive Health with...
BUY NOW Amazon.com
8.8
BUY NOW
Amazon.com
5
BARK&SPARK Dog Probiotics for Digestive Health w/Enzymes - Diarrhea Gas Treatment Upset Stomach Relief - Allergy & Itchy Skin - Pet Probiotics for Dogs - Digestion Supplement Treat (120Ct Chicken)
BARK&SPARK Dog Probiotics for Digestive Health w/Enzymes - Diarrhea Gas Treatment Upset Stomach...
BUY NOW Amazon.com
7.9
BUY NOW
Amazon.com
6
NATURE TARGET Probiotics for Dogs, 6 Billion Freeze Dried Dog Probiotics with Prebiotics & Enzymes, Vitamins, Omega 3, for Digestive & Gut Health, Itch Relief, Reduce Diarrhea, 120 Bites
NATURE TARGET Probiotics for Dogs, 6 Billion Freeze Dried Dog Probiotics with Prebiotics &...
BUY NOW Amazon.com
7.3
BUY NOW
Amazon.com
7
Doggie Dailies Probiotics for Dogs - Advanced Dog Probiotics with Prebiotics - Promotes Digestive Health - Supports Immune System and Overall Health (Pumpkin) 225 Soft Chews
Doggie Dailies Probiotics for Dogs - Advanced Dog Probiotics with Prebiotics - Promotes Digestive...
BUY NOW Amazon.com
6.5
BUY NOW
Amazon.com

*Note: The score is based on our AI score (Editor’s choice and rating).
Pet Naturals Daily Probiotic for Dogs, 120M CFUs - Pre and Probiotics for Dogs Digestive Health, Gut Health, Immune Support, Diarrhea, Allergies and Itching - 60 Chews, Duck Flavor

Pet Naturals Daily Probiotic for Dogs, 120M CFUs - Pre and Probiotics for Dogs Digestive Health, Gut Health, Immune Support, Diarrhea, Allergies and Itching - 60 Chews, Duck Flavor

$9.99  in stock
BUY NOW
Amazon.com
as of August 22, 2025 5:19 am

Features

  • Probiotic chews for dogs: Pet Naturals’ veterinarian-formulated dog probiotic helps maintain microflora balance in the GI tract to promote gut health, regularity and immune function while discouraging the growth of bad bacteria​
  • Dog probiotics for digestive health: Combining 120 million CFUs of Bacillus coagulans and prebiotic fiber to help ease signs of GI distress like diarrhea, vomiting, constipation, bad breath, gas, bloating, itching and paw licking​
  • Optimal gut health for dogs supports their overall health: Much of a dog’s wellness starts in the gut, meaning you can support immune health, allergy response, nutrient absorption, skin health and more by introducing good bacteria to their microbiome​
  • Dog digestive support made easy: Give 1 of our dog probiotic chews per 25 lbs of body weight; recommended for dogs that suffer environmental or nervous digestive issues or those that are currently on an antibiotic​
  • Delicious, effective & safe: Pet Naturals cat and dog supplements are carefully crafted to support your pet’s health from nose to paw; free from corn, wheat and artificial ingredients; veterinarian formulated, NASC approved and manufactured in the USA​
Nutramax Proviable Probiotics for Dogs, Daily Digestive Health Supplement with Multiple Strains of Bacteria, Dog Probiotics Plus Prebiotics, 60 Chewable Tablets

Nutramax Proviable Probiotics for Dogs, Daily Digestive Health Supplement with Multiple Strains of Bacteria, Dog Probiotics Plus Prebiotics, 60 Chewable Tablets

$39.99  in stock
BUY NOW
Amazon.com
as of August 22, 2025 5:19 am

Features

  • Dog Probiotics for Digestive Health - Proviable chewable tablets provide 5 billion colony-forming units (CFUs) of the multiple strains of beneficial probiotics to support your pet’s gut health. They also include prebiotics to encourage the growth of probiotics.
  • A Healthy Gut Supports Overall Health - Probiotics help support intestinal health after imbalances, such as diet changes, food sensitivities, dietary indiscretions, or stress from travel or kenneling.
  • Clinically Researched - Backed by multiple published studies, Proviable multi-strain probiotic for dogs contains beneficial bacteria to help support gut health.
  • Easy Administration - Available as a tasty chewable tablet, you can hand feed these to your dog or break them into smaller pieces and mix with their food.
  • Vet Recommended Probiotic - Proviable comes from Nutramax Laboratories Veterinary Sciences Inc., the #1 Veterinarian Recommended Supplement Company*.
Zesty Paws Probiotics for Dogs - Digestive Enzymes for Gut Flora, Digestive Health, Diarrhea & Bowel Support - Clinically Studied DE111 - Dog Supplement Soft Chew for Pet Immune System - Pumpkin

Zesty Paws Probiotics for Dogs - Digestive Enzymes for Gut Flora, Digestive Health, Diarrhea & Bowel Support - Clinically Studied DE111 - Dog Supplement Soft Chew for Pet Immune System - Pumpkin

$32.97
$24.89
 in stock
2 new from $24.89
BUY NOW
Amazon.com
as of August 22, 2025 5:19 am

Features

  • Support Fido's Tummy - These functional soft chew supplements have a base of pumpkin and papaya (sources of enzymes) plus probiotics for digestion, bowel, and immune support to care for canine pets.
  • Features Clinically Studied DE111 Probiotic - This chewable functional supplement contains DE111, a clinically studied Bacillus subtilis that supports proper digestive function and the immune system.
  • Six-Strain Probiotic Powder Blend - These chewables contain six probiotics (live bacteria) that support gut function and proper gut flora for support against occasional diarrhea, gas, and bloating.
  • Supports Doggy Gut Flora - Probiotic Bites help support microflora for occasional gastric distress (constipation, indigestion, gas, bloating) support and digestive tract health for your doggie.
  • Treat Fido to Tasty Immunity Support - The DE111, Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. plantarum, L. brevis, L. fermentum, and L. lactis help animal immune response for small, medium, and large breeds.
NATURE TARGET Probiotics for Dogs, 6 Billion CFUs Dog Probiotics for Digestive Health with Prebiotic and Digestive Enzymes, Rich in Omega 3 and Vitamins for Skin & Coat, Salmon-Flavored - 120 Counts

NATURE TARGET Probiotics for Dogs, 6 Billion CFUs Dog Probiotics for Digestive Health with Prebiotic and Digestive Enzymes, Rich in Omega 3 and Vitamins for Skin & Coat, Salmon-Flavored - 120 Counts

$18.99
$12.85
 in stock
BUY NOW
Amazon.com
as of August 22, 2025 5:19 am

Features

  • New Upgrade - With the success of our dog probiotic, we create a new advanced salmon-flavored formula. The crispy texture with enticing salmon makes it irresistible for all cats and dogs. Particularly for growth, it helps exercise their chewing ability
  • Highest Potency: 6 billion CFUs probiotic for dogs, much more than other brands. Freeze-drying technology maximizes the activity and stability of the probiotics. In addition, our probiotic chews for dogs contain gut-friendly prebiotics and enzymes
  • Cat & Dog Digestive Support: Our dog probiotic chews combine 12 strains of dog gut health probiotics, 4 prebiotics and 5 enzymes to support your pet's tummy. Gut health for dogs helps relieve bad breath, bloating, diarrhea, constipation and unusual stools
  • Support Skin & Coat & Allergy Relief: Our Omega 3 for Dogs is from premium salmon oil and is a rich source of EPA and DHA. Our puppy probiotic packed with Zinc Proteinate and Vitamin E, it can nourish skin, relieve itching, hot spots and shedding hair
  • Natural Immune Support: Healthy digestion leads to strong immune. Our pet probiotics for dogs are a blend of dog vitamins and minerals that can help improve your dog's overall health and vitality and encourages longevity. No more weak or fading pup
BARK&SPARK Dog Probiotics for Digestive Health w/Enzymes - Diarrhea Gas Treatment Upset Stomach Relief - Allergy & Itchy Skin - Pet Probiotics for Dogs - Digestion Supplement Treat (120Ct Chicken)

BARK&SPARK Dog Probiotics for Digestive Health w/Enzymes - Diarrhea Gas Treatment Upset Stomach Relief - Allergy & Itchy Skin - Pet Probiotics for Dogs - Digestion Supplement Treat (120Ct Chicken)

$27.96
$23.96
 in stock
2 new from $23.96
Free shipping
BUY NOW
Amazon.com
as of August 22, 2025 5:19 am

Features

  • Top-Tier Results: A staggering 8 out of 10 dogs see benefits within the first month of daily use. Ideal for puppies to senior dogs, our advanced dog probiotics and digestive enzymes enhance gut health in small, medium, and large dogs.
  • Buy with Confidence: Enjoy a full refund without returns on our probiotic chews for dogs. Our 90-day guarantee and 24/7 customer service offer peace of mind for pet owners seeking the best canine gut and immune health supplements.
  • Premium Formula: Our probiotics for dogs for allergies and itchy skin are enriched with a five-strain probiotic & prebiotic blend + enzyme & pumpkin fiber to alleviate paws licking, diarrhea, gas, constipation, soft stool & upset stomach issues.
  • Easier Digestion: These dog probiotic chews include enzymes for consistent dog digestive support, promoting healthy gut flora. Ideal for picky eaters with food sensitivities, these chicken-flavored yummy chews help maintain a healthy, active lifestyle.
  • Quality Assured: Bark&Spark pre probiotics for dogs are made in the USA. They're a chewy, tasty treat for dogs of all ages & breed (puppy, adult to older doggy), ensuring daily digestive and immunity strength with every chew.
NATURE TARGET Probiotics for Dogs, 6 Billion Freeze Dried Dog Probiotics with Prebiotics & Enzymes, Vitamins, Omega 3, for Digestive & Gut Health, Itch Relief, Reduce Diarrhea, 120 Bites

NATURE TARGET Probiotics for Dogs, 6 Billion Freeze Dried Dog Probiotics with Prebiotics & Enzymes, Vitamins, Omega 3, for Digestive & Gut Health, Itch Relief, Reduce Diarrhea, 120 Bites

$19.78  in stock
BUY NOW
Amazon.com
as of August 22, 2025 5:19 am

Features

  • The Only 6B Freeze Dried Dog Probiotics: 6 billion CFUs probiotics for dogs, much more than other brands. With special freeze-dried technology, it maximizes the activity and the stability of probiotics. Once consumed by your pets, these live probiotics will be reactivated and provide powerful benefits. Vacuum packaging and shelf-stable jar all provide strong protection for active ingredients until expiry. It contains 120 chews and is designed for all sizes and all breeds of dogs and cats.
  • Support Digestive and Gut Health: Our dog probiotic contain 6 billion CFUs and 12 strains of flora that support your pet's tummy. The main soil-based probiotic blend is especially resistant to stomach acid and bile. We also add prebiotics that helps nourish the growth of probiotics. And digestive enzymes can break down food and promote nutrient absorption. It helps relieve bad breath, bloating, diarrhea, constipation and vomit, and help form stools and support sensitive stomach for your pet.
  • Omega 3 for Healthy Skin and Shiner Coat: Our Omega 3 for Dogs is from high quality fish oil, also a rich source of EPA and DHA. The Omega 3 fatty acid is an antioxidant that can support skin and coat health. We add zinc proteinate, a chelated mineral that has higher utilization in the body. They combine together to help reduce inflammation and seasonal allergies, and maintain skin barrier. Packed with Vitamin E, it can nourish skin, relieve flaky dry and itchy skin, hot spots and shedding hair.
  • Support Immune and Overall Health: A healthy and balanced gut environment makes a healthy immune system. Our holistic formula can benefit your pet's overall health by strengthening the immune response. It can improve appetite and provide energy and vitality to growing and senior pets. Our vitamins and trace elements blend can help promote cognition, eye, joint and bone health. It supports the health of weak, ill or recovering pets who are experiencing diet change, travel or antibiotics.
  • All Natural, Safe and Tasty: Our freeze-dried chews are based on real chicken and are perfect for picky eaters. We remove the moisture of all high-quality ingredients to retain nutrients and flavor. It is free of any artificial additives or fillers. No wheat, corn, soy, or gluten. Non-GMO and is vet recommended. No refrigeration needed and ready to serve. Simply feed it to your pet or add it to their food.
Doggie Dailies Probiotics for Dogs - Advanced Dog Probiotics with Prebiotics - Promotes Digestive Health - Supports Immune System and Overall Health (Pumpkin) 225 Soft Chews

Doggie Dailies Probiotics for Dogs - Advanced Dog Probiotics with Prebiotics - Promotes Digestive Health - Supports Immune System and Overall Health (Pumpkin) 225 Soft Chews

$34.99  in stock
BUY NOW
Amazon.com
as of August 22, 2025 5:19 am

Features

  • Probiotic Chews for Dogs: Packed with five effective probiotic strains, our chews support gut health, digestion, and immunity. Unlike one-size-fits-all options, our tailored blend offers targeted care for your dog's unique needs.
  • The Right Dose for Your Dog’s Size: Our probiotic supplement uses 15 lb increments for precise dosing, unlike other brands with 50 lb increments—so your Dachshund and Doberman don’t get the same dose. Tailored support for every size!
  • Devoured by 100% of Dogs in an Independent Palatability Test: All of our dog vitamins and supplements undergo independent palatability tests to ensure dogs love the taste making it easy for dog parents to administer and enjoyable for pups to take.
  • Only the Best Ingredients: We use top ingredient brands for breakthrough benefits. Made in a Level 3 SQF-certified U.S. facility, every batch is independently tested and carries the NASC Seal of Quality for safety and excellence.
  • Trusted by Pet Parents Everywhere: Doggie Dailies has helped nearly 1M dogs stay active and happy, with over 75% of customers coming back for more; Pet parents rave about our products so join the countless others who love Doggie Dailies!

What to Know about Probiotics For Dogs With Acid Reflux

What is Fortiflora?

Fortiflora is a probiotic supplement developed by Purina. It has real-time microbes that can assist regulate your pet dog’s digestive system. The supplement is available in individual packages consisting of a unappetizing powder that can be sprinkled over your pet dog’s food.

How Does Fortiflora Work?

Probiotics are living tiny microorganisms that can assist in keeping a healthy and balanced gut for your family pet. Fortiflora includes a certain sort of valuable germs called Enterococcus faecium SF68. Research study has actually shown that this certain stress advertises proper food digestion in dogs. By enhancing the populace of helpful bacteria in the digestion system, this supplement displaces unsafe bacteria that could be adding to digestive problems.

Discover the Benefits of Fortiflora for Your Furry Good friend!

Fortiflora can give countless advantages for your fuzzy pal. First of all, it can assist in the digestion of food and the absorption of vital nutrients, which can aid enhance your dog’s general health and wellness. Second of all, probiotics can aid advertise healthy defecation by controling intestine motility. This can reduce indigestions such as looseness of the bowels or constipation. Last but not least, Fortiflora can assist increase your family pet’s immune system, which can help keep them healthy and secure versus infections.

How to Use Fortiflora for Dogs?

Fortiflora is easy to use. Simply spray the contents of one package over your canine’s food daily. The supplement can be utilized for both lengthy and temporary periods. If you’re taking into consideration starting your pet dog on Fortiflora, it’s best to speak with your vet first. They can suggest you on the dosage and duration of use based on your canine’s certain requirements.

Verdict:

Fortiflora uses a convenient method for enhancing your pet dog’s digestive well-being. It is simple to administer and holds various advantages for your canine friend, consisting of improved food digestion, normal defecation, and a strengthened body immune system. To enhance the advantages of this probiotic supplement, it is a good idea to talk to your veterinarian ahead of time. Grant your fuzzy good friend the vital present of a healthy digestive tract by including Fortiflora, a reputable and proven probiotic supplement.

Share
facebookShare on FacebooktwitterShare on TwitterpinterestShare on Pinterest
linkedinShare on LinkedinvkShare on VkredditShare on ReddittumblrShare on TumblrviadeoShare on ViadeobufferShare on BufferpocketShare on PocketwhatsappShare on WhatsappviberShare on ViberemailShare on EmailskypeShare on SkypediggShare on DiggmyspaceShare on MyspacebloggerShare on Blogger YahooMailShare on Yahoo mailtelegramShare on TelegramMessengerShare on Facebook Messenger gmailShare on GmailamazonShare on AmazonSMSShare on SMS
Post navigation
Previous post

S Boulardii For Dogs Where To Buy

Next post

Frontpet Quilted Dog Cargo Cover

Arthur Crowley

Arthur Crowley

To provide you with the expert assistance you need, Vet Ranch with licensed veterinarians can answer your health-related pet issues.

For the purpose of sharing knowledge with each other, we have jointly created this website, where you can get useful information from us and also where we expand our knowledge through your comments from you.

Related Posts

Probiotics For Dogs With Acid Reflux

Best Probiotic For Dog With Allergies

Probiotics For Dogs With Acid Reflux

Full Bucket Daily Dog

Probiotics For Dogs With Acid Reflux

Fortiflora Chewable For Dogs

Probiotics For Dogs With Acid Reflux

Dog Eats Poop Probiotics

Probiotics For Dogs With Acid Reflux

Probiotics For Dogs Who Eat Poop

Probiotics For Dogs With Acid Reflux

Flora Dog Probiotic Chews

Probiotics For Dogs With Acid Reflux

Zesty Paws Probiotic Bites Petco

Probiotics For Dogs With Acid Reflux

Dogzymes Digestive Enhancer

Affiliate disclaimer

Vet Ranch (vetranch.org) is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com.

Amazon and the Amazon logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc, or its affiliates.

Affiliate Disclaimer

Vet Ranch (vetranch.org) is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. Amazon and the Amazon logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc, or its affiliates.

Category

Best Product

Review

Blog

Page

  • About Us
  • Contact Us
  • Affiliate Disclaimer
  • Privacy Policy

Follow us on social

VET RANCH LOGO
FacebookFacebookTwitterInstagramYoutubeYoutube
Copyright © 2025 Vet Ranch
Your privacy

By selecting "Accept all cookies," you consent to Vetranch storing cookies on your device and disclosing information in accordance with our Privacy policy

Menu
  • Home
  • Pet Animals
    • Dog
      • Dog Crate
      • Dog House
      • Dog Nail
      • Dog Shampoo
      • Dog Bed
      • Dog Harness
      • Dog Door
      • Dog Muzzles
      • Dog Car Seat
      • Dog Feeder
      • Dog Harness
      • Dog Kennel
      • Dog Pen
    • Cat
      • Cat Carrier
      • Cat Clipper
      • Cat Couch
      • Cat exercise wheel
      • Cat Litter
      • Cat Litter Box
      • Cat scratching post
      • Cat stroller
      • Cat Tracker
      • Cat Tree
      • Cat Vacuum
    • Bird
      • Bird Camera Feeder
      • Bird Stand
      • Bird Bath
      • Bird Cage
      • Bird Crate
      • Bird Feeder
      • Bird Seed
    • Rabbit
      • Rabbit Cage
      • Rabbit Hutch
    • Fish
      • Fish Tank
      • Fish Aquarium
    • Pet Stroller
  • Knowledge
    • Best Product
    • Review
    • Blog
  • About Us
  • Contact Us
  • Write for Us
FacebookTwitterPinterest